Surface

Karst landscapes are characterized by underground drainage. In addition to caves, typical features include stream sinkholes, intermittent springs, and valley structures that carry water only occasionally.

As a result, karst landscapes are often very dry and, in our latitudes, have a thin topsoil layer. Rocky karst structures, dolines, and sinkholes can restrict land use.

Sustainable use and targeted protection of watersheds are essential for the protection of karst groundwater, including surface springs.